What is the role of the flight crew in preventing CFIT?

• A. Rely on autopilot exclusively.
• B. Maintain situational awareness, rely on instruments and navigation, and comply with published procedures.
• C. Wait for ATC instructions only.
• D. Use manual flying exclusively.

Answer: (B)

Preventing CFIT hinges on staying aware of your position relative to the terrain at all times and using the instruments and procedures to stay safe. Maintaining situational awareness means continuously scanning the flight path, altitude, airspeed, and attitude while cross-checking navigation data with charts and GPS. Relying on the aircraft’s instruments and navigation tools helps you confirm you’re where you think you are, especially in limited visibility, and allows timely action if terrain or altitude warnings appear. Following published procedures—preflight planning, altitude restrictions, standard operating procedures, checklists, and missed‑approach or go‑around procedures—keeps you aligned with safe minimums and expected responses.

Using automation appropriately is part of this, but it must be monitored and intervened if needed. Do not rely solely on autopilot or wait for ATC instructions as your only guide, and don’t fly only by hand without cross-checking instruments and procedures. The combination of awareness, instrument/navigation reliance, and adherence to procedures best prevents CFIT.